腎功能 | Notion

~150 g each in adult; left higher than right
Unit of function: nephron (1.3 million/kidney)
Receives 20-25% of the cardiac output (1700 I/day)
180 L filtrate/day; ~1 L final excretion/day
Clearance: amount of plasma cleared of a substance per minute to account for appearance in urine; C = (mg/ml in urine x ml/min urine)/mg/ml in plasma
Azotemia: increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine (Cr); may be prerenal, renal, postrenal
Uremia: azotemia + clinical signs/symptoms; Sine qua non of chronic renal failure